###############################
Arduino as an ESP-IDF component
###############################

This method is recommended for advanced users. To use this method, you will need to have the ESP-IDF toolchain installed.

For a simplified method, see `Installing using Boards Manager <https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/installing.html#installing-using-boards-manager>`_.

ESP32 Arduino lib-builder
-------------------------

If you don't need any modifications in the default Arduino ESP32 core, we recommend you to install using the Boards Manager.

Arduino Lib Builder is the tool that integrates ESP-IDF into Arduino. It allows you to customize the default settings used by Espressif and try them in Arduino IDE.

For more information see `Arduino lib builder <https://github.com/espressif/esp32-arduino-lib-builder>`_


Installation
------------

.. note:: Latest Arduino Core ESP32 version is now compatible with `ESP-IDF v4.4 <https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/tree/release/v4.4>`_. Please consider this compatibility when using Arduino as a component in ESP-IDF.

#. Download and install `ESP-IDF <https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf>`_.

   * For more information see `Get Started <https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/get-started/index.html#installation-step-by-step>`_.
#. Create a blank ESP-IDF project (use sample_project from /examples/get-started) or choose one of the examples.
#. In the project folder, create a new folder called ``components`` and clone this repository inside the newly created folder.

.. code-block:: bash
    
    mkdir -p components && \
    cd components && \
    git clone https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32.git arduino && \
    cd arduino && \
    git submodule update --init --recursive && \
    cd ../.. && \
    idf.py menuconfig

.. note:: If you use Arduino with ESP-IDF often, you can place the arduino folder into global components folder.

Configuration
-------------

Depending on one of the two following options, in the menuconfig set the appropriate settings.

Go to the section ``Arduino Configuration --->``

1. For usage of ``app_main()`` function - Turn off ``Autostart Arduino setup and loop on boot``
2. For usage of ``setup()`` and ``loop()`` functions - Turn on ``Autostart Arduino setup and loop on boot``

Experienced users can explore other options in the Arduino section.

After the setup you can save and exit:

- Save [S]
- Confirm default filename [Enter]
- Close confirmation window [Enter] or [Space] or [Esc]
- Quit [Q]

Option 1. Using Arduino setup() and loop()
******************************************

- In main folder rename file `main.c` to `main.cpp`.

- In main folder open file `CMakeList.txt` and change `main.c` to `main.cpp` as described below.

- Your main.cpp should be formatted like any other sketch.

.. code-block:: c

    //file: main.cpp
    #include "Arduino.h"

    void setup(){
      Serial.begin(115200);
      while(!Serial){
        ; // wait for serial port to connect
      }
    }

    void loop(){
        Serial.println("loop");
        delay(1000);
    }

Option 2. Using ESP-IDF appmain()
*********************************

In main.c or main.cpp you need to implement ``app_main()`` and call ``initArduino();`` in it.

Keep in mind that setup() and loop() will not be called in this case.
Furthermore the ``app_main()`` is single execution as a normal function so if you need an infinite loop as in Arduino place it there.

.. code-block:: cpp

    //file: main.c or main.cpp
    #include "Arduino.h"

    extern "C" void app_main()
    {
      initArduino();

      // Arduino-like setup()
      Serial.begin(115200);
      while(!Serial){
        ; // wait for serial port to connect
      }

      // Arduino-like loop()
      while(true){
        Serial.println("loop");
      }

      // WARNING: if program reaches end of function app_main() the MCU will restart.
    }

Build, flash and monitor
************************

- For both options use command ``idf.py -p <your-board-serial-port> flash monitor``

- The project will build, upload and open the serial monitor to your board

  - Some boards require button combo press on the board: press-and-hold Boot button + press-and-release RST button, release Boot button

  - After a successful flash, you may need to press the RST button again

  - To terminate the serial monitor press [Ctrl] + [ ] ]

Logging To Serial
-----------------

If you are writing code that does not require Arduino to compile and you want your `ESP_LOGx` macros to work in Arduino IDE, you can enable the compatibility by adding the following lines:

.. code-block:: c

    #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
    #include "esp32-hal-log.h"
    #endif

FreeRTOS Tick Rate (Hz)
-----------------------

The Arduino component requires the FreeRTOS tick rate `CONFIG_FREERTOS_HZ` set to 1000Hz in `make menuconfig` -> `Component config` -> `FreeRTOS` -> `Tick rate`.

Compilation Errors
------------------

As commits are made to esp-idf and submodules, the codebases can develop incompatibilities that cause compilation errors.  If you have problems compiling, follow the instructions in `Issue #1142 <https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/1142>`_ to roll esp-idf back to a different version.