Moved ancillary files to extras/ (fixes #1011)

extras/tests/JsonObject/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+# Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+# MIT License
+
+add_executable(JsonObjectTests 
+	containsKey.cpp
+	copy.cpp
+	createNestedArray.cpp
+	createNestedObject.cpp
+	equals.cpp
+	invalid.cpp
+	isNull.cpp
+	iterator.cpp
+	memoryUsage.cpp
+	nesting.cpp
+	remove.cpp
+	size.cpp
+	std_string.cpp
+	subscript.cpp
+)
+
+target_link_libraries(JsonObjectTests catch)
+add_test(JsonObject JsonObjectTests)

extras/tests/JsonObject/containsKey.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::containsKey()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+  obj["hello"] = 42;
+
+  SECTION("returns true only if key is present") {
+    REQUIRE(false == obj.containsKey("world"));
+    REQUIRE(true == obj.containsKey("hello"));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("works with JsonObjectConst") {
+    JsonObjectConst cobj = obj;
+    REQUIRE(false == cobj.containsKey("world"));
+    REQUIRE(true == cobj.containsKey("hello"));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("returns false after remove()") {
+    obj.remove("hello");
+
+    REQUIRE(false == obj.containsKey("hello"));
+  }
+
+#ifdef HAS_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY
+  SECTION("key is a VLA") {
+    int i = 16;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "hello");
+
+    REQUIRE(true == obj.containsKey(vla));
+  }
+#endif
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/copy.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::set()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc1(4096);
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc2(4096);
+
+  JsonObject obj1 = doc1.to<JsonObject>();
+  JsonObject obj2 = doc2.to<JsonObject>();
+
+  SECTION("doesn't copy static string in key or value") {
+    obj1["hello"] = "world";
+
+    obj2.set(obj1);
+
+    REQUIRE(doc1.memoryUsage() == doc2.memoryUsage());
+    REQUIRE(obj2["hello"] == std::string("world"));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("copy local string value") {
+    obj1["hello"] = std::string("world");
+
+    obj2.set(obj1);
+
+    REQUIRE(doc1.memoryUsage() == doc2.memoryUsage());
+    REQUIRE(obj2["hello"] == std::string("world"));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("copy local key") {
+    obj1[std::string("hello")] = "world";
+
+    obj2.set(obj1);
+
+    REQUIRE(doc1.memoryUsage() == doc2.memoryUsage());
+    REQUIRE(obj2["hello"] == std::string("world"));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("copy string from deserializeJson()") {
+    deserializeJson(doc1, "{'hello':'world'}");
+
+    obj2.set(obj1);
+
+    REQUIRE(doc1.memoryUsage() == doc2.memoryUsage());
+    REQUIRE(obj2["hello"] == std::string("world"));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("copy string from deserializeMsgPack()") {
+    deserializeMsgPack(doc1, "\x81\xA5hello\xA5world");
+
+    obj2.set(obj1);
+
+    REQUIRE(doc1.memoryUsage() == doc2.memoryUsage());
+    REQUIRE(obj2["hello"] == std::string("world"));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should work with JsonObjectConst") {
+    obj1["hello"] = "world";
+
+    obj2.set(static_cast<JsonObjectConst>(obj1));
+
+    REQUIRE(doc1.memoryUsage() == doc2.memoryUsage());
+    REQUIRE(obj2["hello"] == std::string("world"));
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/createNestedArray.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::createNestedArray()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+  SECTION("key is a const char*") {
+    JsonArray arr = obj.createNestedArray("hello");
+    REQUIRE(arr.isNull() == false);
+  }
+
+#ifdef HAS_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY
+  SECTION("key is a VLA") {
+    int i = 16;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "hello");
+
+    JsonArray arr = obj.createNestedArray(vla);
+    REQUIRE(arr.isNull() == false);
+  }
+#endif
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/createNestedObject.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::createNestedObject()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+  SECTION("key is a const char*") {
+    obj.createNestedObject("hello");
+  }
+
+#ifdef HAS_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY
+  SECTION("key is a VLA") {
+    int i = 16;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "hello");
+
+    obj.createNestedObject(vla);
+  }
+#endif
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/equals.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::operator==()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc1(4096);
+  JsonObject obj1 = doc1.to<JsonObject>();
+  JsonObjectConst obj1c = obj1;
+
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc2(4096);
+  JsonObject obj2 = doc2.to<JsonObject>();
+  JsonObjectConst obj2c = obj2;
+
+  SECTION("should return false when objs differ") {
+    obj1["hello"] = "coucou";
+    obj2["world"] = 1;
+
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(obj1 == obj2);
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(obj1c == obj2c);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should return false when LHS has more elements") {
+    obj1["hello"] = "coucou";
+    obj1["world"] = 666;
+    obj2["hello"] = "coucou";
+
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(obj1 == obj2);
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(obj1c == obj2c);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should return false when RKS has more elements") {
+    obj1["hello"] = "coucou";
+    obj2["hello"] = "coucou";
+    obj2["world"] = 666;
+
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(obj1 == obj2);
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(obj1c == obj2c);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should return true when objs equal") {
+    obj1["hello"] = "world";
+    obj1["anwser"] = 42;
+    // insert in different order
+    obj2["anwser"] = 42;
+    obj2["hello"] = "world";
+
+    REQUIRE(obj1 == obj2);
+    REQUIRE(obj1c == obj2c);
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/invalid.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+using namespace Catch::Matchers;
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::invalid()") {
+  JsonObject obj;
+
+  SECTION("SubscriptFails") {
+    REQUIRE(obj["key"].isNull());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("AddFails") {
+    obj["hello"] = "world";
+    REQUIRE(0 == obj.size());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("CreateNestedArrayFails") {
+    REQUIRE(obj.createNestedArray("hello").isNull());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("CreateNestedObjectFails") {
+    REQUIRE(obj.createNestedObject("world").isNull());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("serialize to 'null'") {
+    char buffer[32];
+    serializeJson(obj, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+    REQUIRE_THAT(buffer, Equals("null"));
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/isNull.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::isNull()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+
+  SECTION("returns true") {
+    JsonObject obj;
+    REQUIRE(obj.isNull() == true);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("returns false") {
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+    REQUIRE(obj.isNull() == false);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObjectConst::isNull()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+
+  SECTION("returns true") {
+    JsonObjectConst obj;
+    REQUIRE(obj.isNull() == true);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("returns false") {
+    JsonObjectConst obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+    REQUIRE(obj.isNull() == false);
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/iterator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+using namespace Catch::Matchers;
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::begin()/end()") {
+  StaticJsonDocument<JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(2)> doc;
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+  obj["ab"] = 12;
+  obj["cd"] = 34;
+
+  SECTION("NonConstIterator") {
+    JsonObject::iterator it = obj.begin();
+    REQUIRE(obj.end() != it);
+    REQUIRE(it->key() == "ab");
+    REQUIRE(12 == it->value());
+    ++it;
+    REQUIRE(obj.end() != it);
+    REQUIRE(it->key() == "cd");
+    REQUIRE(34 == it->value());
+    ++it;
+    REQUIRE(obj.end() == it);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("Dereferencing end() is safe") {
+    REQUIRE(obj.end()->key().isNull());
+    REQUIRE(obj.end()->value().isNull());
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObjectConst::begin()/end()") {
+  StaticJsonDocument<JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(2)> doc;
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+  obj["ab"] = 12;
+  obj["cd"] = 34;
+
+  JsonObjectConst cobj = obj;
+
+  SECTION("NonConstIterator") {
+    JsonObjectConst::iterator it = cobj.begin();
+    REQUIRE(cobj.end() != it);
+    REQUIRE(it->key() == "ab");
+    REQUIRE(12 == it->value());
+    ++it;
+    REQUIRE(cobj.end() != it);
+    REQUIRE(it->key() == "cd");
+    REQUIRE(34 == it->value());
+    ++it;
+    REQUIRE(cobj.end() == it);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("Dereferencing end() is safe") {
+    REQUIRE(cobj.end()->key().isNull());
+    REQUIRE(cobj.end()->value().isNull());
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/memoryUsage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+#include <string>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::memoryUsage()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+  SECTION("return 0 if uninitialized") {
+    JsonObject unitialized;
+    REQUIRE(unitialized.memoryUsage() == 0);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(0) for empty object") {
+    REQUIRE(obj.memoryUsage() == JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(0));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) after add") {
+    obj["hello"] = 42;
+    REQUIRE(obj.memoryUsage() == JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("includes the size of the key") {
+    obj[std::string("hello")] = 42;
+    REQUIRE(obj.memoryUsage() == JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + 6);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("includes the size of the nested array") {
+    JsonArray nested = obj.createNestedArray("nested");
+    nested.add(42);
+    REQUIRE(obj.memoryUsage() == JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + JSON_ARRAY_SIZE(1));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("includes the size of the nested object") {
+    JsonObject nested = obj.createNestedObject("nested");
+    nested["hello"] = "world";
+    REQUIRE(obj.memoryUsage() == 2 * JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1));
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/nesting.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::nesting()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+  SECTION("return 0 if uninitialized") {
+    JsonObject unitialized;
+    REQUIRE(unitialized.nesting() == 0);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("returns 1 for empty object") {
+    REQUIRE(obj.nesting() == 1);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("returns 1 for flat object") {
+    obj["hello"] = "world";
+    REQUIRE(obj.nesting() == 1);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("returns 2 with nested array") {
+    obj.createNestedArray("nested");
+    REQUIRE(obj.nesting() == 2);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("returns 2 with nested object") {
+    obj.createNestedObject("nested");
+    REQUIRE(obj.nesting() == 2);
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/remove.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+#include <string>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::remove()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+  obj["a"] = 0;
+  obj["b"] = 1;
+  obj["c"] = 2;
+  std::string result;
+
+  SECTION("remove(key)") {
+    SECTION("Remove first") {
+      obj.remove("a");
+      serializeJson(obj, result);
+      REQUIRE("{\"b\":1,\"c\":2}" == result);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("Remove middle") {
+      obj.remove("b");
+      serializeJson(obj, result);
+      REQUIRE("{\"a\":0,\"c\":2}" == result);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("Remove last") {
+      obj.remove("c");
+      serializeJson(obj, result);
+      REQUIRE("{\"a\":0,\"b\":1}" == result);
+    }
+  }
+
+  SECTION("remove(iterator)") {
+    JsonObject::iterator it = obj.begin();
+
+    SECTION("Remove first") {
+      obj.remove(it);
+      serializeJson(obj, result);
+      REQUIRE("{\"b\":1,\"c\":2}" == result);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("Remove middle") {
+      ++it;
+      obj.remove(it);
+      serializeJson(obj, result);
+      REQUIRE("{\"a\":0,\"c\":2}" == result);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("Remove last") {
+      it += 2;
+      obj.remove(it);
+      serializeJson(obj, result);
+      REQUIRE("{\"a\":0,\"b\":1}" == result);
+    }
+  }
+
+#ifdef HAS_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY
+  SECTION("key is a vla") {
+    int i = 16;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "b");
+    obj.remove(vla);
+
+    serializeJson(obj, result);
+    REQUIRE("{\"a\":0,\"c\":2}" == result);
+  }
+#endif
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/size.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+#include <string>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::size()") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+  SECTION("initial size is zero") {
+    REQUIRE(0 == obj.size());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("increases when values are added") {
+    obj["hello"] = 42;
+    REQUIRE(1 == obj.size());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("decreases when values are removed") {
+    obj["hello"] = 42;
+    obj.remove("hello");
+    REQUIRE(0 == obj.size());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("doesn't increase when the same key is added twice") {
+    obj["hello"] = 1;
+    obj["hello"] = 2;
+    REQUIRE(1 == obj.size());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("doesn't decrease when another key is removed") {
+    obj["hello"] = 1;
+    obj.remove("world");
+    REQUIRE(1 == obj.size());
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/std_string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+static void eraseString(std::string &str) {
+  char *p = const_cast<char *>(str.c_str());
+  while (*p) *p++ = '*';
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("std::string") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+
+  SECTION("operator[]") {
+    char json[] = "{\"key\":\"value\"}";
+
+    deserializeJson(doc, json);
+    JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
+
+    REQUIRE(std::string("value") == obj[std::string("key")]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("operator[] const") {
+    char json[] = "{\"key\":\"value\"}";
+
+    deserializeJson(doc, json);
+    JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
+
+    REQUIRE(std::string("value") == obj[std::string("key")]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("createNestedObject()") {
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+    std::string key = "key";
+    char json[64];
+    obj.createNestedObject(key);
+    eraseString(key);
+    serializeJson(doc, json, sizeof(json));
+    REQUIRE(std::string("{\"key\":{}}") == json);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("createNestedArray()") {
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+    std::string key = "key";
+    char json[64];
+    obj.createNestedArray(key);
+    eraseString(key);
+    serializeJson(doc, json, sizeof(json));
+    REQUIRE(std::string("{\"key\":[]}") == json);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("containsKey()") {
+    char json[] = "{\"key\":\"value\"}";
+    deserializeJson(doc, json);
+    JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
+    REQUIRE(true == obj.containsKey(std::string("key")));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("remove()") {
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+    obj["key"] = "value";
+
+    obj.remove(std::string("key"));
+
+    REQUIRE(0 == obj.size());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("operator[], set key") {
+    std::string key("hello");
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+    obj[key] = "world";
+    eraseString(key);
+    REQUIRE(std::string("world") == obj["hello"]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("operator[], set value") {
+    std::string value("world");
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+    obj["hello"] = value;
+    eraseString(value);
+    REQUIRE(std::string("world") == obj["hello"]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("memoryUsage() increases when adding a new key") {
+    std::string key1("hello"), key2("world");
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+    obj[key1] = 1;
+    size_t sizeBefore = doc.memoryUsage();
+    obj[key2] = 2;
+    size_t sizeAfter = doc.memoryUsage();
+
+    REQUIRE(sizeAfter - sizeBefore >= key2.size());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("memoryUsage() remains when adding the same key") {
+    std::string key("hello");
+    JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+    obj[key] = 1;
+    size_t sizeBefore = doc.memoryUsage();
+    obj[key] = 2;
+    size_t sizeAfter = doc.memoryUsage();
+
+    REQUIRE(sizeBefore == sizeAfter);
+  }
+}

extras/tests/JsonObject/subscript.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
+// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2019
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("JsonObject::operator[]") {
+  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+  JsonObject obj = doc.to<JsonObject>();
+
+  SECTION("int") {
+    obj["hello"] = 123;
+
+    REQUIRE(123 == obj["hello"].as<int>());
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].is<int>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"].is<bool>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("volatile int") {  // issue #415
+    volatile int i = 123;
+    obj["hello"] = i;
+
+    REQUIRE(123 == obj["hello"].as<int>());
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].is<int>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"].is<bool>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("double") {
+    obj["hello"] = 123.45;
+
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].is<double>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"].is<long>());
+    REQUIRE(123.45 == obj["hello"].as<double>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("bool") {
+    obj["hello"] = true;
+
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].is<bool>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"].is<long>());
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].as<bool>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("const char*") {
+    obj["hello"] = "h3110";
+
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].is<const char*>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"].is<long>());
+    REQUIRE(std::string("h3110") == obj["hello"].as<const char*>());
+    REQUIRE(std::string("h3110") == obj["hello"].as<char*>());  // <- short hand
+  }
+
+  SECTION("array") {
+    DynamicJsonDocument doc2(4096);
+    JsonArray arr = doc2.to<JsonArray>();
+
+    obj["hello"] = arr;
+
+    REQUIRE(arr == obj["hello"].as<JsonArray>());
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].is<JsonArray>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"].is<JsonObject>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("object") {
+    DynamicJsonDocument doc2(4096);
+    JsonObject obj2 = doc2.to<JsonObject>();
+
+    obj["hello"] = obj2;
+
+    REQUIRE(obj2 == obj["hello"].as<JsonObject>());
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"].is<JsonObject>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"].is<JsonArray>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("array subscript") {
+    DynamicJsonDocument doc2(4096);
+    JsonArray arr = doc2.to<JsonArray>();
+    arr.add(42);
+
+    obj["a"] = arr[0];
+
+    REQUIRE(42 == obj["a"]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("object subscript") {
+    DynamicJsonDocument doc2(4096);
+    JsonObject obj2 = doc2.to<JsonObject>();
+    obj2["x"] = 42;
+
+    obj["a"] = obj2["x"];
+
+    REQUIRE(42 == obj["a"]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("char key[]") {  // issue #423
+    char key[] = "hello";
+    obj[key] = 42;
+    REQUIRE(42 == obj[key]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should not duplicate const char*") {
+    obj["hello"] = "world";
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize == doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should duplicate char* value") {
+    obj["hello"] = const_cast<char*>("world");
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + JSON_STRING_SIZE(6);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize == doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should duplicate char* key") {
+    obj[const_cast<char*>("hello")] = "world";
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + JSON_STRING_SIZE(6);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize == doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should duplicate char* key&value") {
+    obj[const_cast<char*>("hello")] = const_cast<char*>("world");
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + 2 * JSON_STRING_SIZE(6);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize <= doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should duplicate std::string value") {
+    obj["hello"] = std::string("world");
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + JSON_STRING_SIZE(6);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize == doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should duplicate std::string key") {
+    obj[std::string("hello")] = "world";
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + JSON_STRING_SIZE(6);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize == doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should duplicate std::string key&value") {
+    obj[std::string("hello")] = std::string("world");
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + 2 * JSON_STRING_SIZE(6);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize <= doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should duplicate a non-static JsonString key") {
+    obj[JsonString("hello", false)] = "world";
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1) + JSON_STRING_SIZE(6);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize == doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should not duplicate a static JsonString key") {
+    obj[JsonString("hello", true)] = "world";
+    const size_t expectedSize = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(1);
+    REQUIRE(expectedSize == doc.memoryUsage());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("should ignore null key") {
+    // object must have a value to make a call to strcmp()
+    obj["dummy"] = 42;
+
+    const char* null = 0;
+    obj[null] = 666;
+
+    REQUIRE(obj.size() == 1);
+    REQUIRE(obj[null] == null);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("obj[key].to<JsonArray>()") {
+    JsonArray arr = obj["hello"].to<JsonArray>();
+
+    REQUIRE(arr.isNull() == false);
+  }
+
+#if defined(HAS_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY) && \
+    !defined(SUBSCRIPT_CONFLICTS_WITH_BUILTIN_OPERATOR)
+  SECTION("obj[VLA] = str") {
+    int i = 16;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "hello");
+
+    obj[vla] = "world";
+
+    REQUIRE(std::string("world") == obj["hello"]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("obj[str] = VLA") {  // issue #416
+    int i = 32;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "world");
+
+    obj["hello"] = vla;
+
+    REQUIRE(std::string("world") == obj["hello"].as<char*>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("obj.set(VLA, str)") {
+    int i = 16;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "hello");
+
+    obj[vla] = "world";
+
+    REQUIRE(std::string("world") == obj["hello"]);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("obj.set(str, VLA)") {
+    int i = 32;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "world");
+
+    obj["hello"].set(vla);
+
+    REQUIRE(std::string("world") == obj["hello"].as<char*>());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("obj[VLA]") {
+    int i = 16;
+    char vla[i];
+    strcpy(vla, "hello");
+
+    deserializeJson(doc, "{\"hello\":\"world\"}");
+
+    obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
+    REQUIRE(std::string("world") == obj[vla]);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  SECTION("chain") {
+    obj.createNestedObject("hello")["world"] = 123;
+
+    REQUIRE(123 == obj["hello"]["world"].as<int>());
+    REQUIRE(true == obj["hello"]["world"].is<int>());
+    REQUIRE(false == obj["hello"]["world"].is<bool>());
+  }
+}